Hahn echo pulse program for quadrupolar nutation NMR

Two-pulse Hahn echo pulse program for Bruker MSL spectrometer

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Hahn echo sequence with pulse lengths p1 and p2 for nutation NMR

Without the phase cycling proposed by E. Oldfield's group, the interpulse delay tau2 should be twice the duration of the central transition FID to observe the echoes. As a result, the echo amplitudes become small due to the spin-spin relaxation. Thank to this phase cycling, tau2 can be as short as the duration of the central transition FID.

Hahn echo sequence with this phase cycling also cancels the spurious signals such as the ringing generated by the nmr probe head or the signals from piezo electric materials in single crystal.

  PROT F1 F2 XT               ; protect all channels

  START, D1 [F1 @PLS1 RGATE]  ; the first-pulse duration p1
         D6 [         RGATE]  ; spacing between pulses
         VD [F1 @PLS2 RGATE]  ; the second-pulse duration p2
         D7 [STA RGATE]       ; acquisition delay
         AQ                   ; acquisition
         D0                   ; recycle duration
         1M
         ++PLS1               ; increment p1 pulse phase
         ++PLS2               ; increment p2 pulse phase
  GOTO START

  BEGIN LISTS
  PLS1,  x  x  x  x    y  y  y  y   -x -x -x -x   -y -y -y -y
  PLS2,  x -x  y -y    x -x  y -y    x -x  y -y    x -x  y -y
  RLS,   x  x -x -x   -y -y  y  y   -x -x  x  x    y  y -y -y
  END LISTS

  ; RECEIVER MODE: RPN
  ; TRIGGER MODE:  NT

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